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特写:马街书会再续前约:鼓乐喧腾上演千台戏******

  中新网平顶山2月3日电 题:特写:马街书会再续前约:鼓乐喧腾上演千台戏

  中新网记者 韩章云

  正月的中原大地还在寒冬中眺望春天,而在河南平顶山宝丰县城南的马街村,传承七百多年的曲艺盛会——马街书会已火热开唱。

正月十三是马街书会正会日子,群众舞龙庆祝马街书会重启线下大型活动。 韩章云 摄

  2月3日,正月十三,当日是首批国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目马街书会正会日子。早上8时,赶会的民众扶老携幼如潮水般涌向马街村600亩麦田,这里历来是马街书会的主会场。还是那座笑迎八方客的击鼓说唱俑主题雕塑,还是那片开阔的青青麦田,时隔三年再次迎来天南海北的曲艺人在此说书亮艺、交流切磋、拜师收徒。

  马街书会,俗称“十三马街会”,是中国民间曲艺盛会。书会期间,河南坠子、四川清音、湖北渔鼓、山东快书、凤阳花鼓、陕西快板以及大鼓书、评书、乱弹、道情等曲种应有尽有。说唱艺人们以天为幕地为台倾情献艺,观众饱眼福耳福,“一日能看千台戏、三天能听万卷书。”参与的艺人与观众有十数万人,热闹非凡。

观众在马街书会围观“书状元”演出。 韩章云 摄观众在马街书会围观“书状元”演出。 韩章云 摄

  曲艺人再续前约

  因疫情暂停三年的马街书会今年重启线下大型活动。从正月初七(1月28日)祭火神拉开马街书会序幕后,对戏、拜师收徒等活动陆续展开,在正月十三(2月3日)正会日达到高潮。

  2月3日,在马街书会现场,刘井彩一亮嗓就引来里三层外三层的观众,这位70岁的民间曲艺人从安徽界首远道而来,为观众表演渔鼓。铿锵的鼓点、声如洪钟的说唱,精彩之处,观众掌声、叫好声不绝。

  “等了三年终于在马街书会现场开唱,高兴得很。”刘井彩告诉记者,疫情前他和同伴连续十多年来马街书会亮书献艺,也因此和许多民间曲艺人成为老朋友,今年重返马街书会,他期待见到熟识的老艺人切磋切磋技艺,再把会的曲子唱给年轻人听,希望他们能传承下去。

  传承七百多年的马街书会,也在潜移默化中让曾经赶会看热闹的娃娃成为书会上亮艺献唱的主角。

宝丰马街村的孩子们在马街书会上说书亮艺。 韩章云 摄宝丰马街村的孩子们在马街书会上说书亮艺。 韩章云 摄

  10岁的胡梦哲就是马街村人,学业之余跟着师父学了三年河南坠子,这一次她终于有机会站在马街书会现场表演,成为马街书会新生代艺人。面对层层围观的观众,她的表演落落大方,嗓音清亮、吐词清晰,受到师父和观众的夸赞。

  唱河南坠子对胡梦哲来说是一件有趣又神气的事,尤其是获得观众的掌声,自豪感立马涌上心头。如今,她也有了一个宏大的梦想:“我期待将来能成为马街书会的‘书状元’,在更远、更大的舞台上唱响河南坠子。”

  在马街书会主会场的东南角,两座并排排列的硕大戏棚前聚满观众,来自宝丰当地的一个豫剧团和曲剧团正在对戏,两家剧团通过精彩的表演各自吸引观众赢得掌声,最后一较胜负,这也是马街书会的经典项目。

  27岁的闫启超是土生土长的宝丰人,从小就赶马街书会的他今年首次以演员的身份在马街书会上演出。一天连续唱戏四五个小时,明明是一件辛苦的差事,他却甘之如饴。

  “我生长在曲艺之乡宝丰,从小耳濡目染就十分喜爱曲艺、戏曲艺术,唱戏演出也就不觉得辛苦。”闫启超也坦言在马街书会上为家乡父老演出压力很大,“只有提着劲儿好好唱,才不负老乡们的热情。”

来自安徽的曲艺团队在马街书会上献艺。 韩章云 摄来自安徽的曲艺团队在马街书会上献艺。 韩章云 摄

  今年,著名评书艺术家刘兰芳也如约来到马街书会现场,给观众们带来经典评书《岳飞传》,此行她还参加马街书会曲艺培训学校揭牌暨说唱艺术团授旗仪式等活动。

  从1981年首次参加马街书会至今,79岁的刘兰芳已赶会19次,在她心中,马街书会就是一个多年好友,正月十三回到宝丰赶会就是她和马街书会的“约定”。她也见证了马街书会从民间自发组织走向国家级非遗项目以及现在国家级说唱文化生态保护实验区落地宝丰。

  “马街书会越来越好了,路修宽了,有了‘书状元’榜,有了主题塑像,还建有中国曲艺交易中心、中华曲艺展览馆,变化很大,特别是2019年马街书会盛况空前。”刘兰芳说,延续七百年的马街书会为中国的曲艺传承做出了巨大贡献,现在书会越办越好,将来通过发展曲艺小镇等文旅融合项目,马街书会也一定能为当地热爱曲艺的民众带来更好的生活。

曲艺人在马街书会现场亮艺献唱。 韩章云 摄曲艺人在马街书会现场亮艺献唱。 韩章云 摄

  丰富多彩活动迎马街书会重启

  记者了解到,今年马街书会系列活动以“书说天下唱响万家”为主题,通过线上、线下丰富多彩的活动庆祝盛会重启。包括祭火神、对戏、收徒拜师、亮书、书状元评选、写书下乡等民俗活动,同时第五届优秀长篇大书擂台赛,马街书会《历届书状元展演》将也在麦田大舞台展现。

  以天为幕地为台,马街书会期间,各路艺人在麦田里、小路旁摆下阵式,扎起摊子,打起简板,拉起琴弦,这就开始了说唱。“鼓子声声走雷喧,琴声悠悠流细涓。大调坠子传神韵,唱醉听客马街前”的生动画面再次上演。

  平顶山说唱文化(宝丰)生态保护发展中心主任申红霞表示,按照《国家级文化生态保护区管理办法》,当地将保护好以马街书会等为代表的非物质文化遗产,全面建设好国家级说唱文化生态保护实验区,为中华优秀传统文化的传承和保护探索宝丰路径、作出宝丰贡献。(完)

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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